Kugikakushi came into widespread use in the 16th and 17th centuries. They were used to provide a decorative metal covering for the large exposed and unsightly nails used in the construction of shrines and temples and also in the grand castles that were built for various daimyo (feudal lords). Nail head covers were usually cast in metal from molds, and the surface was then finished in varying techniques. Some of the decorative methods include engraving the design on the mold, which creates an embossed pattern on the metal; openwork; chiseling or engraving on the finished object; plating; lacquering and enameling. Decorative motifs for many centuries played a prominent role in both the religious and daily lives of the Japanese people. Architecture was embellished with these symbols, which were representative of both the tangibles of nature and the intangibles of the spirit. Birds, bats, turtles, bamboo and family crests were some of the popular subjects for nail head covers. (See examples of kugikakushi on page 181 of “Japanese Antiques” by Patricia Salmon.)

This piece is a very good example of the decorative metal arts that propagated after the Meiji restoration era began in 1868. From this point in time, the samurai class was abolished and the Bushido or Way of the Warrior was put to an end. With this came the sword makers who were almost instantly out of work. With their generations of artistic skill at risk of being lost, they applied their talents to producing metal decorative arts such as this piece which is a prime example of the quality and craftsmanship that has since endured a tumultuous time in Japan's history. Rarely seen or found, these unusual decorative nail head covers are interesting and lovely examples of early Japanese metalwork. They are sure to be conversation pieces.

CONDITION is excellent; good original patina. DIMENSIONS: 3 ¾” (9.5 cm) wide, 2” (5 cm) high; 2” (5 cm) deep.