Kamakura-bori is a type of Japanese lacquer ware which consists of carved wood decorated with layers of red and black lacquer which are often rubbed down and polished to achieve a mottled effect so the red lacquer shows through in certain places on the carving. It is said to have originated during the Kamakura period and was based on Chinese models. Of the various types of provincial lacquer wares, kamakura-bori is outstanding. From the beginning of the Meiji period, it was produced in great quantities, not only in Kamakura proper. Its uncluttered beauty was much favored for eating and writing utensils as well as implements used in the tea ceremony. Because of the Japanese preference for “sabi” and “shibui,” the very simplicity and unaffectedness of kamakura-bori lacquer work makes it a special favorite among connoisseurs.

CONDITION is excellent, with only minor wear consistent with age and usage.

This particular carving technique which created long curling shavings was said to have been used during the construction of Sasano Kannon temple in 807 or learned from the Ainu tribe who were still living in this area long ago. In the late 18th century, the feudal lord of Yonezawa encouraged the production of folk toys to supplement the income of the farmers during the long harsh winters. These toys were sold at temple festivals to be presented to the gods or taken home as lucky charms and souvenirs.

These original sculptures are a striking example of what can be done with a single cylindrical piece of wood, colors sparingly applied, and a heavy hatchet-like knife. The first figurines were mostly of hawks, but today all kinds of animals and exotic birds are made. At Sasano, the village which gave its name to this type of carving, there is still an annual festival at the Temple of Sasano Kannon on January 17th, where birds and animals of many different shapes and sizes are sold as symbols of good luck. (See Sasano-Bori on Page 32 of “Japanese Folk Toys: The Playful Arts” by Lea Baten.)

Nara ningyo are cypress wood (hinoki) dolls which are carved using a technique called “itto-bori” or one-knife carving. They are cut in sharp, angular planes and painted in strong, pure matte colors. They usually depict figures from the Noh drama. Noh is a classical Japanese performance form which combines elements of dance, drama, music and poetry into one highly aesthetic stage art. It was performed throughout the country by professional artists, mainly men, who have passed down the art among family members for numerous generations. Noh was a theater of subtle suggestion rather than direct statement, and the mask and stiff sumptuous robe of the actor identified the personage he was representing. His fan was his most important accessory in the stylized posturing, indicating the type of play and the character being portrayed.

Kutani (which means nine valleys) is a small village in Kaga Province on the northwest coast of the main island of Japan with a long history of porcelain production. They produced models of animals and other figures in addition to other standard porcelain wares. Given the vast range of sizes of old Kutani cats, this impressive example would be a nice addition to any collection.